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# Right this is now I see it ...
Aliasing refers to visual artifacts perceived by the eye which are a result of the display technology and not intended to be present. Ie, when a line is nearly horizontal or vertical on a monitor you can see steps along it (commonly called jaggies).
This all started with things like font rendering (which is a highly developed a scary subject in its own right) but applies to any computer graphics.
So, in order to remove the aliasing which has occured, you do 'anti-aliasing'. This is any procedure which reduces the aliasing although these days it's tends to revolve around super-sampling (making the image bigger than you needed and then reducing it) or some form of filtering (bi-linear / cubic etc...).
As a term it pre-dates photoshop by about 20 years and goes back to the first digital typesetting and so on.
(, Mon 15 Dec 2003, 19:18, archived)
# aliasing in general
is where a signal is distorted by undersampling. Where you haven't taken enough data points to accurately represent the image.

In normal sampling there's a certain rate at which aliasing begins to occur, but I'm not sure about how it applies to images, since I nearly failed DSP so I didn't take image processing
(, Mon 15 Dec 2003, 19:21, archived)
# I never did DSP stuff ... GC for me.
I hadn't twigged that you were not the original question asker, sorry if my replies have seemed a little dumbed down.
(, Mon 15 Dec 2003, 19:31, archived)
# It's ok
I'll just have to ask my friend who has a doctorate in image processing :)
(, Mon 15 Dec 2003, 19:33, archived)